{"id":43616,"date":"2025-05-10T12:31:09","date_gmt":"2025-05-10T12:31:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idea.membrane.com\/songwriter\/?p=43616"},"modified":"2025-05-10T12:31:09","modified_gmt":"2025-05-10T12:31:09","slug":"thunder-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/2025\/05\/10\/thunder-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Thunder"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kingarthur.com\/MegaEpix-Enormous\/multimedia\/XIII\/Thunder.mp3\">Thunder.mp3<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/kingarthur.com\/MegaEpix-Enormous\/multimedia\/XIII\/Thunder.mp4\">Thunder.mp4<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/kingarthur.com\/MegaEpix-Enormous\/multimedia\/XIII\/Thunder-Best-Of.mp3\">Thunder-Best-Of.mp3<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/kingarthur.com\/MegaEpix-Enormous\/multimedia\/XIII\/Thunder-Best-Of.mp4\">Thunder-Best-Of.mp4<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/kingarthur.com\/MegaEpix-Enormous\/multimedia\/XIII\/Thunder-intro.mp3\">Thunder-intro.mp3<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[Intro]<br \/>\nWonder&#8230;<br \/>\n&#8230; what causes rolling thunder?<\/p>\n<p>[Verse 1]<br \/>\nSuperheats the air<br \/>\n(Rapid expansion)<br \/>\nTo here from there<br \/>\n(To hear the action)<\/p>\n<p>[Bridge]<br \/>\nLightning a mile long<br \/>\n(Thunder gods&#8217; song)<\/p>\n<p>[Chorus]<br \/>\nSay hello to echo (echo)<br \/>\nThen say hey to delay (delay)<br \/>\nTo hear her rumbling<br \/>\nIs quite humbling<\/p>\n<p>[Verse 2]<br \/>\nAtmospheric layering<br \/>\n(Reaction to refraction)<br \/>\nSeriously sound bending<br \/>\n(And mind melding)<\/p>\n<p>[Bridge]<br \/>\nLightning a mile long<br \/>\n(Thunder gods&#8217; song)<\/p>\n<p>[Chorus]<br \/>\nSay hello to echo (echo)<br \/>\nThen say hey to delay (delay)<br \/>\nTo hear her rumbling<br \/>\nIs quite humbling<\/p>\n<p>[Outro]<br \/>\nLightning a mile long<br \/>\n(Thunder gods&#8217; song)<\/p>\n<p>A SCIENCE NOTE<\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"259\">The physics of <strong data-start=\"15\" data-end=\"34\">rolling thunder<\/strong> involves the way sound waves generated by lightning travel through the atmosphere. Unlike a single sharp clap of thunder, rolling thunder is a <strong data-start=\"178\" data-end=\"207\">prolonged, rumbling sound<\/strong> that can last several seconds. Here&#8217;s how it works:<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"266\" data-end=\"316\">1. <strong data-start=\"273\" data-end=\"316\">Source: Lightning&#8217;s Explosive Expansion<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"317\" data-end=\"520\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"317\" data-end=\"431\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"319\" data-end=\"431\">When lightning strikes, it <strong data-start=\"346\" data-end=\"368\">superheats the air<\/strong> along its path to temperatures around <strong data-start=\"407\" data-end=\"430\">30,000\u00b0C (54,000\u00b0F)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"432\" data-end=\"520\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"520\">This causes <strong data-start=\"446\" data-end=\"465\">rapid expansion<\/strong> of air, creating a shock wave that we hear as thunder.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"527\" data-end=\"566\">2. <strong data-start=\"534\" data-end=\"566\">Thunder is Not a Point Sound<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"836\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"670\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"670\">A lightning bolt can be <strong data-start=\"593\" data-end=\"615\">several miles long<\/strong>, with branches stretching horizontally and vertically.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"671\" data-end=\"836\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"673\" data-end=\"836\">Each segment of the bolt generates sound, but because they\u2019re at different distances and angles from the observer, their sound waves <strong data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"835\">arrive at different times<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"843\" data-end=\"885\">3. <strong data-start=\"850\" data-end=\"885\">Rolling Thunder: Delay and Echo<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"886\" data-end=\"1210\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"886\" data-end=\"1210\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"888\" data-end=\"923\">The <strong data-start=\"892\" data-end=\"904\">rumbling<\/strong> effect comes from:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"926\" data-end=\"1210\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"926\" data-end=\"999\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"928\" data-end=\"999\"><strong data-start=\"928\" data-end=\"965\">Sound arriving at different times<\/strong> from different parts of the bolt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1002\" data-end=\"1089\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1089\"><strong data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1034\">Reflections and scattering<\/strong> off clouds, the ground, hills, and temperature layers.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1210\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1210\"><strong data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1118\">Atmospheric layering<\/strong>, where changes in temperature and humidity bend sound (a phenomenon called <strong data-start=\"1194\" data-end=\"1208\">refraction<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"1217\" data-end=\"1243\">4. <strong data-start=\"1224\" data-end=\"1243\">Distance Effect<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"1244\" data-end=\"1499\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1244\" data-end=\"1499\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1246\" data-end=\"1341\">The <strong data-start=\"1250\" data-end=\"1269\">farther you are<\/strong> from the lightning strike, the more rolling the thunder will sound.<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1344\" data-end=\"1499\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1344\" data-end=\"1383\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1346\" data-end=\"1383\">Close: a sharp &#8220;crack&#8221; or &#8220;clap&#8221;.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1499\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1388\" data-end=\"1499\">Far: a low-pitched, rolling rumble as sound waves spread and bounce through varying atmospheric conditions.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"1506\" data-end=\"1536\">5. <strong data-start=\"1513\" data-end=\"1536\">Frequency Filtering<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"1537\" data-end=\"1723\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1537\" data-end=\"1626\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1539\" data-end=\"1626\">Higher frequencies are absorbed more by the atmosphere, especially over long distances.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1627\" data-end=\"1723\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1629\" data-end=\"1723\">So distant thunder tends to be lower-pitched, which contributes to the rumbling sensation.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1730\" data-end=\"1965\">Summary: Rolling thunder is caused by the geometry of lightning, the delays in sound arrival from different parts of the bolt, and the complex way sound waves interact with the atmosphere as they travel to the listener.<\/p>\n<h3>From the album &#8220;<a href=\"\/songwriter\/tag\/roll\/\">Roll<\/a>&#8220;<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thunder.mp3 Thunder.mp4 Thunder-Best-Of.mp3 Thunder-Best-Of.mp4 Thunder-intro.mp3 [Intro] Wonder&#8230; &#8230; what causes rolling thunder? [Verse 1] Superheats the air (Rapid expansion) To here from there (To hear the action) [Bridge] Lightning a mile long (Thunder gods&#8217; song) [Chorus] Say hello to echo (echo) Then say hey to delay (delay) To hear her rumbling Is quite humbling [Verse [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9,14],"tags":[4126],"class_list":["post-43616","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4d-music","category-daniel","category-lyrics","tag-roll"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43616"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43644,"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43616\/revisions\/43644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingarthur.com\/songwriter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}