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bookmark_borderStanding Tall (After All)

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After all,
… standing tall
You know…
The wind may blow
The will to bend
But will not break
How much can we take?
We tapped our resources
Again and again
Run out or recourse
Consumption sin

After all, standing tall
You know…
The wind may blow
The will to bend
But will not break
How much can we take?
We crashed our economy
Again and again
And trashed from sea to see
Consumption sin

After all, standing tall
You know…
The wind may blow
The will to bend
But will not break
How much can we take?
Let’s put more hope back into scope
Yes! Let’s begin
Come shining love from above
Yes! Let’s begin
Again and again

Unplugged Version Chords: F#/7 Bm7 F# / A B D F
Instrumentation: Vocals (TC-Helicon VOICELIVE and MiniNova Vocorder), Ibanez Acoustic Guitar (AW54CE)

ABOUT THE SONG

Human-induced climate change is a dynamic component of an intricate and unordered system, as per chaos theory. This implies that global warming is accelerating exponentially in a complex manner. Over the period from 1992 to 2023, we have presented compelling evidence, proposed remedies to mitigate climate change, and amassed valuable information through the engagement of millions with this climate model. Your participation has been invaluable. The incontrovertible data underscores that human-induced climate change is rapidly deteriorating our habitat.

This climate model / experiment employs chaos theory to comprehensively consider human impacts and projects a potential global average temperature increase of 9℃ above pre-industrial levels. Global warming is a consequence of elevated thermal energy in the climate system, which comprises various subsystems. Chaos theory underscores the intricate and nonlinear nature of dynamic systems. Human well-being is compromised above a 1.5-degree temperature rise, rendering much of the Earth uninhabitable. A 9-degree Celsius increase would bring the Earth close to a wet-bulb temperature incapable of sustaining human life.

What Can I Do? There are numerous actions you can take to contribute to saving the planet. Each person bears the responsibility to minimize pollution, discontinue the use of fossil fuels, reduce consumption, and foster a culture of love and care. The Butterfly Effect illustrates that a small change in one area can lead to significant alterations in conditions anywhere on the globe. Hence, the frequently heard statement that a fluttering butterfly in China can cause a hurricane in the Atlantic. Be a butterfly and affect the world.

The Beatless Sense Mongers: We’re Here… Were Here

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

bookmark_borderFrom on High

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From on high
Look around
What goes up
Must come down
Started, now can’t stop
Crumbling mountaintop

Can’t deny
Look around
What goes up
Must come down
Started, in motion
Ice into ocean

My, Oh, my
Look around
What goes up
Soon falls down
Started, domino
You know… there they go….

Unplugged Version Chords: E F F# F# F E / D C E
Instrumentation: Vocals (TC-Helicon VOICELIVE and MiniNova Vocorder), Ibanez Acoustic Guitar (AW54CE)

ABOUT THE SONG
Climate breakdown, the most alarming development, occurs when feedback loops are triggered, and tipping points are crossed. This leads to the extinction of plants, the disappearance of carbon sinks, and an exponential acceleration of Earth’s temperature. The consequences are dire, with the potential disappearance of vital resources like food, fresh water, and breathable air, likely followed by catastrophic impacts on human survival. Identifying and understanding these tipping points is crucial for climate science and policymaking. Crossing multiple tipping points could lead to a domino effect, resulting in a much more rapid and severe climate change than currently projected.

The Beatless Sense Mongers: We’re Here… Were Here

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

bookmark_borderEquation of Change

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LYRICS
Hard rock song about the equation to solve the climate change formula .

Climate Change: The Equation Brouse and Mukherjee (2023)

[Verse]
The world is turning, spinning round and round
Temperature rising, the ice is meltin’ down (down)
We gotta find a solution, before it’s too late
The equation of change, we must calculate (calculate)

[Verse 2]
Carbon emissions, polluting the air
We gotta find a way, to show we care (care)
The clock is ticking, time is running out
We gotta solve this problem, there’s no room for doubt (doubt)

[Chorus]
(x^2 – 4xy + 3y^2) – (2x^2 – 6xy + 4y^2)
Equals the power of change, to save our Earth
We’ll take action and fight, for a better tomorrow
Together we’ll make a difference, and heal the sorrow

bookmark_borderBiblical Baggage

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LYRICS
[Verse 1]
Today is the day
While the banks are breached
The earth was at fault
A new record reached

(Chorus)
The damn is breaking
The flood is flowing
The Earth is shaking
No one is knowing

[Verse 2]
Today we all sway
To, fro, friend and foe
Some will wash away
Will you stay or go?
(chorus)
[Bridge]
Water and land roll
Nature’s exact toll
Will Man yearn to learn
Or crash and burn?

[Verse 3]
Today they do say
Quasi-biblical
Our rate of decay
Is historical
(chorus)

[Outro]
Soon… the sun is eclipsed by the moon
Flood, mud, earthquake, shake and bake
Soon… the sun is eclipsed by the

Chords: F Bb Ab F / F Bb Db F / Db F Db C7 F / F Ab Bb F; Part II @ 104 Beats Per Minute
Instrumentation: Vocals (TC-Helicon VOICELIVE and MiniNova Vocorder), Ibanez Acoustic Guitar (AW54CE), Ibanez Electric RG-270 (Vox ToneLab and Boss Digital Delay), Fender Jazz Bass (Boss Digital Delay), Keyboards (Korg PS60, Casio WK-3500, Yamaha PSR-740, MiniNova, MicroKorg)

ABOUT THE SONG
Between April 1 and 4, 2024, Southeastern Pennsylvania experienced another severe weather event attributed to atmospheric rivers and strong winds. Rainfall accumulation exceeded 3 inches, accompanied by wind gusts ranging from 35 to 45 mph. Tragically, two individuals lost their lives in unrelated incidents, one in Montgomery County and the other in Delaware County, when trees collapsed onto their vehicles. Today (Friday April 5) Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York experienced a 4.8 magnitude earthquake. Monday is a total eclipse.

This song, “Biblical Baggage,” delves into the tumultuous and uncertain nature of our times, drawing parallels to events of biblical proportions.

[Verse 1] sets the scene with a sense of urgency, describing a day when natural forces wreak havoc, breaking banks and setting new records.

The [Chorus] captures the chaos and devastation unfolding, likening it to a dam breaking, floods flowing, and the Earth shaking, all while humanity remains oblivious to the impending catastrophe.

[Verse 2] portrays the collective uncertainty and vulnerability in the face of such calamities. The imagery of swaying suggests a lack of stability and the looming threat of being swept away by the relentless tide.

The [Bridge] reflects on the toll exacted by nature’s fury, questioning whether humanity will heed the lessons it presents or face dire consequences.

[Verse 3] paints a picture of the magnitude of the events, labeling them quasi-biblical and highlighting the historical significance of our current state of decay.

The [Outro] brings a sense of foreboding, as the sun is eclipsed by the moon, symbolizing an impending darkness amidst the ongoing turmoil of floods, mudslides, earthquakes, and more.

Overall, “Biblical Baggage” serves as a reflection on the precariousness of our existence in the face of natural disasters and the urgent need for awareness and action in the midst of escalating environmental crises.

ABOUT THE SCIENCE
Human-induced climate change is a complex element within a dynamic and interconnected chaotic system. When coupled with other natural phenomena such as earthquakes or solar eclipses, the convergence of factors can create overwhelming compounding effects. Climate change is primarily driven by the escalation of thermal energy affecting biogeophysical and socio-economic systems. While biogeophysical factors can be studied using math, physics, and historical records, socio-economic systems pose greater challenges due to the unpredictable consequences of human behavior and inexplicable consumer choices, exacerbating tipping points and feedback loops.

The Age of Loss and Damage is a new way of thinking about economics by combining economics, climate science, statistics, and physics. Until now, economic models have been unfit to capture the full extent of climate damage. Traditionally, “integrated assessment models” (IAMs) were used to forecast “shock” events. IAMs use “quadratic function” to calculate GDP losses by squaring the temperature change, yet ignore other methods (such as the exponential function) that are better suited for rapid change. “Climate change is fundamentally different to other shocks because once it has hit, it doesn’t go away,” said Thierry Philipponnat, author of a report by Finance Watch, a Brussels-based public interest NGO on financial issues. “And if the fundamental assumption is flawed, all the rest makes little sense — if any.”

Industrial Noize Pollution = The Equation

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

bookmark_borderThe Reign of Violent Rain

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An Industrial Noize Pollution album made by machine and man.

SIDE I

SIDE II

Drip, Drip, Destroy

Hard rock song about a leaking roof. The Momentum of Rain is p = mv (p = momentum, m = mass, v = velocity.)

[Verse]
Roof is leaking, water’s seeping through the cracks
Drip, drip, drip, it’s falling down my back
I can’t escape this constant reminder of the rain
Gotta fix it now, before it drives me insane

[Verse 2]
Every drop hits the floor like a pounding drum
Drip, drip, drip, it’s a battle I can’t outrun
I’m soaked, I’m drenched, can’t you see my plight?
Gonna tear it down, gonna fight this fight

[Chorus]
Drip, drip, destroy, it’s tearing me apart
This leaking roof is breaking my heart
Gonna scream, gonna shout, gonna make it right
Drip, drip, destroy, gonna win this fight

The moisture
Starts taking shape
For sure
Shape of a cloud
We think
Out loud
Out loud
So proud
(How loud? Hubris us proud)
Is cumulonimbus a reflection on us
Inability to sustain
Brings on violent rain
As silent remain
Under violent rain
Under violent reign
(No fun dancing in the violent rain)

Climate of Chaos

An aggressive hard rock song about: Human-induced climate change is a dynamic component of an intricate and unordered system, as per chaos theory. Global warming is accelerating exponentially. Our climate model uses chaos theory in an attempt to adequately account for humans and forecasts a global average temperature increase of 9 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. Everybody has the responsibility not to pollute. There are plenty of things you can do to help save the planet. Stop using fossil fuels. Consume less. Love more. Here is a list of additional actions you can take.

[Verse]
In a world of chaos, where systems intertwine
A symphony of disorder, a dance of time
Human-induced changes, a web of destruction
Global warming accelerating, no time for reflection (oh-yeah)

[Verse 2]
The ice caps are melting, the oceans are rising
Species are dying, can’t you see it’s terrifying?
We’re playing with fire, but the flames keep getting higher
We need to wake up, before it’s too late to retire (yeah!)

[Chorus]
Can’t you see the chaos unfolding? (oh-oh)
Global warming, the world is exploding
We’re facing a crisis, it’s time to take action (take action)
Climate of chaos, it’s a chain reaction

Violent Rain

An intense hard rock song about: Sidd said, Now I am thinking the violent rain will be a bigger problem before we die. Flow velocities go up due to climate change, Force and damage = square of the velocities.
— from The Reign of Violent Rain / Brouse and Mukherjee (2023)

[Verse]
Sidd said, “Now I’m thinking, the violent rain will be a bigger problem”
Before we die, we’re caught in the eye of the storm
Flow velocities go up, all because of climate change
Force and damage, it’s the square of the velocities

[Verse 2]
Dark clouds roll in, thunder cracks in the sky
We’re running from the storm, but there’s nowhere to hide
Drenched in fear, we feel the chaos closing in
The violence of the rain, it’s a battle we can’t win

[Chorus]
Violent rain, it’s pouring down on us (pouring down on us)
Tearing through, leaving destruction in its wake (in its wake)
We try to escape, but it’s too late (but it’s too late)
The power of the storm, it’s a force we can’t break

Quantum Leap

A heavy, hard rock song: chaos theory The Butterfly Effect a small change can result in a quantum leap. Be a butterfly and affect the world. The Butterfly Effect illustrates that a small change in one area can lead to significant alterations in conditions anywhere on the globe. Hence, the frequently heard statement that a fluttering butterfly in China can cause a hurricane in the Atlantic.

[Verse]
In the realm of chaos, a butterfly takes flight
With every flutter, causing ripples in the night (night)
No one knows the power, waiting to ignite
A small change can lead to a world of might

[Verse 2]
From the ashes rise the giants, the fire starts to burn
A quantum leap in motion, the world begins to turn
With the power of a whisper, they’ll feel the heat
A revolution rising, defeat is not a retreat

[Chorus]
Be the butterfly, spread your wings and fly (fly, fly, fly)
A small change can cause a storm, reach for the sky (yeah, yeah, yeah)
In the chaos lies the power, waiting to be unfurled (unfurled)
The butterfly effect, watch as it changes the world (the world, the world)

Acceleration

Hard rock song: Tipping points and feedback loops impact the rate of climate change acceleration. Crossing multiple tipping points results in the Domino Effect.

[Verse]
Drowning in the silence, screaming in dismay
As the world spins faster, spiraling away (away)
Tipping points and feedback loops, the danger now revealed
Crossing the line of no return, the climate’s fate is sealed

[Verse 2]
Domino effect, the earth in disarray
Turbulent skies of chaos, never-ending fray (fray)
Like a runaway train, the acceleration’s strong
As we witness the destruction, we know we did it wrong

[Chorus]
Accelerate, accelerate, the world’s on fire
Tipping points and feedback loops, the flames grow higher
The domino effect, crashing one by one
In this race against time, will we come undone?

Tempest of Change

Hard rock song: Extreme Weather when energy is added to a system, fluctuations increase. What we are saying is weather conditions will become more volatile due to the impact of humans.
— from The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

[Verse]
Thunder rolling, lightning strikes the sky
The winds are howling, chaos fills the air (yeah)
Energy surging, nature’s fury unleashed
The tempest of change, a force we can’t repair (whoa-ooh)

[Verse 2]
Raging storms, tornadoes spinning wild
Heatwaves scorching, oceans rising high (oh-yeah)
Humans disrupt the delicate balance
Fluctuations surge, weather intensified (woah-oh)

[Chorus]
Extreme weather, a cry of nature’s rage (yeah, yeah)
Unleashing power that humans can’t contain (ooh-yeah)
Impact of our actions, consequences clear (clear, yeah)
Weather’s volatility, a warning we should hear

Unordered Chaos

Hard rock song: The Age of Loss and Damage humans experience greater loss and damage to life. Anthropogenic climate change is an exponential component of an unordered system (chaos theory).

[Verse]
In the age of loss and damage, we’re drowning in despair
Anthropogenic climate change, the chaos that we bear
Exponential destruction, our world in disarray
Searching for a solution, will we find a way?

[Verse 2]
The Earth is screaming out, its cries fall on deaf ears
As temperatures rise, we fuel our own fears
The storms intensify, the fires rage on
We’re living in a nightmare, with no place to belong

[Chorus]
Unordered chaos, the price we pay
The consequence of our actions, won’t go away (no way)
Can we break this cycle, can we make a change?
Or will we be consumed by the chaos we arrange?

What is the peril
With all of this?
Risk to life
Risk to limb
Bringing strife
To who I am
Taking life
From who I am

Vector-borne disease
Under a scorching breeze
Dying of thirst
As hopes are coerced

Loss of the trees
No more gentle breeze
Extremes abound
Dreams shattered, ground

Loss of home
Forever to roam
Refugee’s fate
A self-imposed state

Intensified rain
Reigning severity’s pain
Water refuses to drain
Sustaining sanity becomes a strain

Hazard, threat, jeopardy
High-risk probability
Time hangs on the line
Under constant alarms of harm
Susceptible to vulnerability
In debt, regretting the threat

Ignite the World

Hard rock anthem: Climate change: — each person bears the responsibility to minimize pollution, discontinue the use of fossil fuels, reduce consumption, and foster a culture of love and care. Climate change is primarily driven by the escalation of thermal energy affecting biogeophysical and socio-economic systems. While biogeophysical factors can be studied using math, physics, and historical records, socio-economic systems pose greater challenges due to the unpredictable consequences of human behavior and inexplicable consumer choices, exacerbating tipping points and feedback loops.

[Verse]
In a world of fire, burning so bright
We gotta rise up, we gotta make it right
The earth is calling, can’t you feel the pain?
It’s time to stand up, we won’t be the same

[Chorus]
Ignite the world, let’s make a change (make a change)
Together we can rearrange (rearrange)
In our hearts, we hold the key (hold the key)
To a future that’s clean and free

[Verse 2]
No more pollution, no more wasting time
We gotta act now, leave the past behind
With renewable energy, we’ll pave the way
For a world where love and care will always stay

Earthquake of the Ages

Hard rock song about the rate of climate change, so much change so rapidly, volatile, extreme, mind-blowing, gobsmackingly bananas.

Dr. Caroline Holmes of the British Antarctic Survey (an expert on Antarctic sea-ice) said, “What we’re seeing right now is so far outside what we’ve observed previously. We expected change but I don’t think we expected so much change so rapidly.”

Some areas of the world are now warming so fast, it is becoming more difficult to measure the change from “normal” or average. Jeff Boyne, National Weather Service meteorologist and climatologist, said, “There are climate normals that are updated every 10 to 15 years, because the planet is warming so fast. The ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) regions are warming so fast that those normals are being updated every 5 years.”

“It’s so far outside anything we’ve seen, it’s almost mind-blowing,” says Walter Meier, who monitors sea-ice with the National Snow and Ice Data Center. “September was, in my professional opinion as a climate scientist, absolutely gobsmackingly bananas,” said Zeke Hausfather, at the Berkeley Earth climate data project.”

[Verse]
Fire and ice, the Earth collides
Mountains crumble, the ocean tides
Nature’s fury, it’s hard to believe
The planet’s screaming, won’t you perceive?

[Verse 2]
Volcanic eruptions, the land ablaze
Melting glaciers, a haunting chase
Hurricanes swirling, tempestuous force
Climate’s shifting, off its course

[Chorus]
Mind-blowing, gobsmackingly bananas
The rate of change, it’s causing trauma
Volatile and extreme, this Earthquake of the Ages
Can we find a way to turn the pages?

Solid Ground

Hard rock song about the erosion and the hardness of rock under our feet, granite, glacial till, limestone bedrock, karst terrain, or carbonate rock. Violent Rain and the Substrate: The basic question is what is the substrate? Sea level rise of 1 meter in Maine means the sea goes up to the top line that is currently 1 meter above the sea (we are ignoring tides) and that’s it for thousands of years. That is because Maine is made out of granite. Sea level rise of 1 meter along Cape Cod, which is glacial till, means that the sea will erode horizontally many many meters. In fact, Cape Cod is a dead-peninsula walking, even given pre-AGW sea level rise. It will all wash away eventually, except any rocky bits of bedrock that might be there (but they aren’t there AFIK.) So, given that, yes, storms come in to play. The rate of erosion of Cap Cod, to continue with that example, accelerated in about 1979, due to increased severe coastal storms. What happens to a given floodplain will depend totally on local conditions.

[Verse]
In this cold world, I search for something real
But all I find are facades, just surface appeal (appeal)
I’m walkin’ on rocks that have weathered the test
Their silent strength, a testament to what is best (yeah)

[Verse 2]
Behind the cracks, there lies a story untold
The scars they bear, each one a battle unfold (unfold)
Granite veins run deep beneath the ground
Unyielding and unbreakable, forever profound (oh-yeah)

[Chorus]
Solid ground beneath my feet (yeah)
Eroding, eroding but never retreat (ooh-yeah)
Through glacial till and limestone bedrock, I stand tall
On karst terrain, this world can’t make me fall (fall)

Barren Lands

Hard rock song: Soil degradation, through erosion, loss of organic matter, and reduced water retention, cause desertification. The earth’s climate is nonlinear and teleconnected. Global warming is caused by an increase in thermal energy in the climate system. The Earth is a climate system. Many subsystems make up our climate. Chaos theory emphasizes the complexity and nonlinearity of dynamic systems, and this complexity is inherent in the interactions between soil, atmosphere, and oceans in the Earth’s climate system.

[Verse]
The soil is dying, the earth is crying
Erosion takes its toll, as the winds are flying
Lost in the desert, a landscape unforgiving
Barren lands surround, no hope for the living

[Verse 2]
Organic matter, once rich and thriving
Reduced to ashes, in the desert it’s striving
Water retention, a thing of the past
The dry lands expand, the future is cast

[Chorus]
A world in decay, it’s slipping away (slipping away)
Desertification, the price we must pay (we must pay)
The climate is nonlinear, teleconnected we stand
Barren lands, the mark of man’s hand (yeah!)

Industrial Noize Pollution

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

 

bookmark_borderRansom Your Wisdom?

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LYRICS
And, then…
Some
Or than?
Sum
Ransom your wisdom?
Sounds dumb
To succumb
But, then…
Will is for free
Freewill will.
Will freewill?
Yet still, freewill won’t get the best of me
But still, freewill won’t get the rest of me
Until freewill
Freewill won’t rule my destiny!?!?!
And, then…
Some
Or than?
Sum
When one is one
When one is won

Unplugged Version Chords: B E / A B E / B7 A G E
Instrumentation: Vocals, Takamine Acoustic Guitar
Recorded at Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania

Industrial Noize Pollution = The Equation

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

bookmark_borderHey, Now!

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LYRICS
Hey, now!
And, then…
Hey now
Now and then
When then became when
If only?
Didn’t you see
It happened just now
Somehow…
“Be”‘s so slippery
Future ashore
Passed past
Before the last
Before no more
Let’s live to give
And, love to love

Unplugged Version Chords: F# E / E B F# / D C#7 F#
Instrumentation: Vocals, Takamine Acoustic Guitar
Recorded at Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania

ABOUT THE SONG
Climate Change: How Long Is “Ever”? Brouse (2023)
The Reign of Violent Rain Brouse and Mukherjee (2023-2024)
The Age of Loss and Damage Brouse (2023)

What Can I Do?
There are plenty of things you can do to help save the planet. Stop using fossil fuels. Consume less. Love more. Here is a list of additional actions you can take.

The Beatless Sense Mongers: We’re Here… Were Here

bookmark_borderSub-straight

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(Verse 1)
As the sea levels rise, the world starts to change,
Inland we wonder, how far does it range?
Could saltwater creep into our lakes so vast?
The Great Lakes’ fate, uncertain to last.

(Chorus)
Rising tides, changing scenes,
Violent rains, and what they mean.
From coastal plains to hillsides high,
The earth’s new face, under the sky.

(Verse 2)
Laden speaks of coastal zones explored,
As the waves crash harder on familiar shores.
Cape Cod, a dead-peninsula, facing its fate,
Maine’s silent debate.

(Chorus)
Rising tides, changing scenes,
Violent rains, and what they mean.
From coastal plains to hillsides high,
The earth’s new face, under the sky.

(Bridge)
Brouse shares tales of Pennsylvania’s plight,
Sinkholes, derailments in the dead of night.
Local substrates, a crucial role they play,
In shaping our world, come what may.

(Verse 3)
Floodplains transform, under the rain’s relentless beat,
New culverts form, as streets turn into creeks.
The Gulf Coast braces, from both sides it’s hit,
As violent rain’s reign, shows no sign to quit.

(Chorus)
Rising tides, changing scenes,
Violent rains, and what they mean.
From coastal plains to hillsides high,
The earth’s new face, under the sky.

(Outro)
From Maine’s rocky coast to Pennsylvania’s plains,
The world is changing, under nature’s reigns.
As sea meets rain in a dance profound,
Our planet’s story, in every sound.

Chords: A C E A / A C C A A D A E A / E A7 C B7 E
Instrumentation: Vocals, Takamine Acoustic Guitar
Recorded at Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania

ABOUT THE SCIENCE
As the sea levels rise, how far “inland” might we see salinization of fresh water? Is it possible saltwater could infiltrate the Great Lakes?

 

  • Lake Superior has an elevation of 600 feet above (current) sea level and a depth of 1,332 feet.
  • Lake Ontario is 243 feet above sea level with a depth of 802 feet.

The Great Lakes

Greg Laden (an archaeologist who has worked extensively in coastal zones) replied:
Would not reach the Great lakes, but with a little erosion, the Hudson, Lake Champlain, and the St. Lawrence could become contiguous, so New England becomes an Island.

Daniel Brouse:
I am particularly interested in the Kennebecasis River (a tributary of the Saint John River in southern New Brunswick, Canada.) Do you have any thoughts on this process, in particular, the changing topography caused by extreme rain events? You can kind-of imagine Eastern and Western North America as giant beaches with ever increasing atmospheric waves splashing down on us. The Gulf Coast will be hit from both sides. We to see increasing intensity and/or frequency in a wide variety of violent rain events including: downpours, flooding, hurricanes, cyclones, monsoons, coastal flooding, storm surges, lightning and wildfires, hail, extreme wind, and concurrent extremes. The reign of violent rain has already begun. More hillsides and shorelines are collapsing. Atmospheric rivers are dramatically increasing flash flooding in the Northeastern USA. Worldwide, stormwater systems are becoming overwhelmed. Ironically, the streets of Abu Dhabi and Dubai, UAE, flooded days before the COP28 Climate Conference. Nowhere is safe from violent rain, not even in the desert preparing for a UN meeting on the climate crisis. As a result of increasing violent rain, new drainage culverts are forming. Eventually, the culverts will transform into recurring streams, carving new canyons, creating new landscapes and islands. Increased wildfires and landslides will transform topography. At the same time as the violent rain makes its way to the sea, the sea is rising to meet the violent rain. What do you think will happen to the floodplains in North America?

Greg Laden:
I have many thoughts on this, and this has been part of my research and study for a very long time, having done coastal archaeology in North America, etc. The basic question is what is the substrate? Sea level rise of 1 meter in Maine means the sea goes up to the top line that is currently 1 meter above the sea (we are ignoring tides) and that’s it for thousands of years. That is because Maine is made out of granite. Sea level rise of 1 meter along Cape Cod, which is glacial till, means that the sea will erode horizontally many many meters. In fact, Cape Cod is a dead-peninsula walking, even given pre-AGW sea level rise. It will all wash away eventually, except any rocky bits of bedrock that might be there (but they aren’t there AFIK.) So, given that, yes, storms come in to play. The rate of erosion of Cap Cod, to continue with that example, accelerated in about 1979, due to increased severe coastal storms. What happens to a given floodplain will depend totally on local conditions. Many of our floodplains are not that often flooded, especially in glacial zones where they are filled up, and lower reaches of the giant rivers, and there is a lot of infrastructure in place that will initially control things.

Daniel Brouse:
You might be interested in King of Prussia and Plymouth Meeting, PA. The train derailment in Plymouth Meeting (July 17, 2023) was caused by extreme rainfall and flash flooding that resulted in sinkholes developing in the carbonate rock under the railroad tracks. In July and December of 2023, extreme rainfall resulted in sinkholes being exposed in the carbonate rock under Route 202 in King of Prussia, PA. I guess this is part of the local substrate conditions that vary widely from location to location.

Industrial Noize Pollution = The Equation

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

bookmark_borderChallenges

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LYRICS
Challenges
We’ll prevail
Challenges
Set sail!
For a virgin see/sea

Emergency

If they’re here to stay
I’m hear to sway
Today’s the day

Chords: B A E / E C B7 E / G A A G E
Instrumentation: Vocals, Takamine Acoustic Guitar
Written and recorded at Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania

bookmark_borderThe Equation: Part IV

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(Verse 1)
In the realm of nature’s laws, we find our place,
As humans alter the world, at a rapid pace.
Newton’s second law, it rings so true,
As we increase the energy, our actions accrue.

(Chorus)
Force equals mass times acceleration,
In this world of change, our transformation.
From rising seas to violent rain,
The damage grows, with every gain.

(Verse 2)
Acceleration formula, it holds the key,
To understand the changes, that we now see.
As data reveals, a doubling trend,
In climate’s grip, we must contend.

(Chorus)
Force equals mass times acceleration,
In this world of change, our transformation.
From rising seas to violent rain,
The damage grows, with every gain.

(Bridge)
The rate of acceleration, it’s on the rise,
As sea levels climb, under ominous skies.
From 100 years to a mere 10,
The doubling period, shortens again.

(Verse 3)
The reign of violent rain, it sweeps the land,
As we alter the climate, with our human hand.
The damage mounts, with every storm,
As acceleration’s force takes form.

(Chorus)
Force equals mass times acceleration,
In this world of change, our transformation.
From rising seas to violent rain,
The damage grows, with every gain.

(Outro)
So heed the warning, in nature’s call,
For the force we wield, impacts us all.
In the equation of life, let’s find our grace,
And navigate the changes, with wisdom and pace.

Chords: F Bb Db Eb F / F/7 F Bb Eb Ab F F Db Eb F / F C F
Instrumentation: Vocals, Takamine Acoustic Guitar
Recorded at Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania

ABOUT THE SCIENCE
By increasing the energy in the system, humans have increased flow volumes, masses and velocities leading to increased damage (and deaths.)

Newton’s second law: F = m * a
F = force
m = mass of an object
a = acceleration

Acceleration Formula

ALSO SEE
Climate Change: Rate of Acceleration
By 2020, there was enough data to see the “doubling period” of some anthropogenic climate affects had gone from 100 years to 10 years. For instance the rate of sea level rise has gone from about 1.5 millimeters per year to over 3 millimeters. We expect to see the doubling period to continue to shrink raising the possibility of sea levels rising a foot/year by 2050.

The Reign of Violent Rain

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

bookmark_borderThe Equation: Part III

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(Verse 1)
Turbulence, it’s chaos unfurled,
The hardest problem, in this vast world.
The Professor speaks, of skies in turmoil,
As climate shifts, it doubles the coil.

(Chorus)
Turbulence, it’s on the rise,
In wind and water, where chaos lies.
From Lahaina’s flames to Norway’s floods,
Turbulence, it shakes our blood.

(Verse 2)
Maui’s wildfire, a scene of despair,
Fanned by winds, hurricane’s flare.
Streets ablaze, with scorching heat,
As Lahaina’s heart, faced defeat.

(Chorus)
Turbulence, it’s on the rise,
In wind and water, where chaos lies.
From Lahaina’s flames to Norway’s floods,
Turbulence, it shakes our blood.

(Bridge)
Flashpoints ignite, with a fiery blast,
As people flee, into the ocean vast.
But water, too, joins in the fray,
With waves that tear, and claim their way.

(Verse 3)
Norway’s floods, a tale of woe,
As dams burst open, the waters flow.
Homes washed away, in torrents wild,
As nature’s fury, leaves hearts beguiled.

(Chorus)
Turbulence, it’s on the rise,
In wind and water, where chaos lies.
From Lahaina’s flames to Norway’s floods,
Turbulence, it shakes our blood.

(Outro)
In the dance of chaos, we find our plight,
Turbulence grows, with all its might.
But in the face of turmoil, we’ll stand tall,
For together, we’ll weather, through it all.

Chords: A Bb A G F# E / E A C G A / D C A / C E A
Instrumentation: Vocals, Takamine Acoustic Guitar
Recorded at Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania

ABOUT THE SCIENCE
Turbulence
Professor Paul D. Williams of the University of Reading, UK, said, “They are chaotic. Turbulence is known famously as the hardest problem in physics.” In their study Evidence for Large Increases in Clear-Air Turbulence Over the Past Four Decades, Prof. Williams and his team found “Climate change has caused turbulence to double in the last 40 years” and is expected to double or triple again in the next decades.

The hall of historic Waiola Church in Lahaina and nearby Lahaina Hongwanji Mission are engulfed in flames along Wainee Street on Tuesday, Aug. 8, 2023, in Lahaina, Hawaii. (Matthew Thayer/The Maui News via AP)

Update — Climate change’s influence on wind and water flow forces caused more severe damage and deaths. The Maui wildfire of August 2023 is an example. What would have been a fairly routine wildfire was fanned out-of-control by hurricane force winds. One headline read, “Maui fires: Hawaii blazes fanned by Hurricane Dora”. Another headline read, “Hawaii wildfires kill as ‘apocalypse’ hits Maui island”. The New York Times reported, “Gov. Josh Green of Hawaii said on Thursday that the devastating wildfires that swept through western Maui and killed at least 55 people, and possibly many more, were ‘likely the largest natural disaster in Hawaii state history.'”

Both wind and water flow forces contributed to the devastation. Hurricane Dora was at least 500 miles from Hawaii yet the wind forces impacted the fire in Maui. The winds were so strong that before the fire reached Lahaina extremely hot air blew over the town. The streets were so hot they burnt people’s feet trying to flee. The surface of everything became hot. Even after people jumped into the ocean, they said the debris in the water was too hot to float on. Almost all the boats in the harbor burned.

The blast of hot air over Lahaina created the conditions for a flashpoint. A flashpoint is the temperature at which a particular organic compound gives off sufficient vapor to ignite in air. The entire town ignited so quickly that warning sirens could not be activated and people did not have time to escape.

In an unexpected twist, water flow forces also contributed to the chaos. How could water flow add to the fire emergency conditions? When people fled the heat and fire, they jumped into the sea. ABC news reported: Shawn Dougherty, of Lahaina, was among the hundreds of residents forced to flee the resort city when the wildfire began engulfing their homes.

Like others, Dougherty said his only means of survival was to jump into the ocean with his girlfriend, but while some found safety in nearby jetties, the rocks and coral tore up Dougherty’s body.

“At one point, it seemed like I might drown,” he told ABC News. “I’m a good swimmer, but the water was just really rough because of the wind and the turbulence.”

Norway Floods 2023

Also in August of 2023, climate change’s influence on water flow forces caused more severe damage and deaths. AccuWeather reported, “Dam bursts open as deadly flooding washes away homes in Norway. Torrents of water gushed through multiple towns across Norway and landslides cascaded down mountainsides after a deluge drenched Norway.”

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

bookmark_borderThe Equation: Part II

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(Verse 1)
In the whirlwind of change, we find our fate,
Force proportional, contemplate.
Density times velocity, squared in air,
The drag equation, tells us what’s there.

(Chorus)
Velocity squared, a powerful force,
In the wind water’s relentless course.
As climate shifts, and speeds increase,
The damage grows, without release.

(Verse 2)
A ten-mile breeze, seems gentle and mild,
But square that velocity, see it compiled.
Twenty miles an hour, brings four times the might,
And as it doubles, the force takes flight.

(Chorus)
Velocity squared, a powerful force,
In the wind and water’s relentless course.
As climate shifts, and speeds increase,
The damage grows, without release.

(Bridge)
Water denser than air, eight hundredfold,
The force of its flow, a story untold.
As rivers rage and oceans churn,
The drag equation, we must discern.

(Verse 3)
Floods and storms, they testify,
To the power of force, as they amplify.
Sewage systems crumble, hillsides succumb,
As velocity rises, the damage becomes numb…
Damn-age becomes numb

(Chorus)
Velocity squared, a powerful force,
In the wind and water’s relentless course.
As climate shifts, and speeds increase,
The damage grows, without release.

(Outro)
So heed the lesson, the drag equation’s call,
In the face of change, we must stand tall.
For as velocities rise, and forces collide,
The future’s in our hands, where hope resides.

Chords: F# E E D F# / F# D E F# / outro F# D C#7 F#
Instrumentation: Vocals, Takamine Acoustic Guitar, Percussion
Written and recorded at Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania

ABOUT THE SCIENCE
ChatGBT co-authored the lyrics utilizing this part of a research paper:
You will see that force is proportional to density times square of velocity (v^2)

The Drag Equation
So a twenty mile an hour wind exerts four times as much force as a ten mile an hour wind. And a forty mile an hour wind exerts sixteen times as much force as a ten mile an hour wind. A wind of fifty miles an hour exerts twenty five times and a wind of sixty miles an hour exerts thirty six times as much force as one of ten miles an hour. Then you have the density term. Water is about eight hundred times denser than air, So the force exerted by a ten mile an hour flow of water is eight hundred times that of a ten mile an hour wind. So as flow velocities go up due to climate change, force and damage scale as square of the velocities. What is not clear is how much these velocities increase with climate change. But in a sense we are seeing this already as, for example, flood and sewage systems succumb and hillsides fall down, and so on.

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

bookmark_borderThe Equation: Part I

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(Verse 1)
For decades now, I’ve been pondering,
The global warming formula, inside my mind wandering.
Human-induced change, an exponential part,
In an unordered system, chaos rules the chart.

(Chorus)
Acceleration, tipping points, feedback loops abound,
In this chaotic dance, our fate is found.
From the domino to the snowball’s roll,
In this whirlwind of change, we find our role.
In rock n’ roll
Find our role
Knock and know all

(Verse 2)
Complex equations, too vast to write,
But I’ll jot down a part, in the dimming light.
Tipping points and feedback loops, they steer the course,
Determining the rate, of climate’s force.
Of course,
Climate’s force
(Chorus)
Acceleration, tipping points, feedback loops abound,
In this chaotic dance, our fate is found.
From the domino to the snowball’s roll,
In this whirlwind of change, we find our role…

(Bridge)
Earth spins in a vortex, a cosmic whirl,
As we accelerate, our destiny unfurl.
The motion of time, in a turbulent sea,
Momentum’s impact, on you and me…
To be
Or not to be?
To be

(Verse 3)
Violent weather events, wreaking havoc’s might,
As momentum grows, in the dark of night.
Floods, storms, and hurricanes, they rage and spin,
As the planet’s pulse quickens, under chaos’ din.

(Chorus)
Acceleration, tipping points, feedback loops abound,
In this chaotic dance, our fate is found.
From the domino to the snowball’s roll,
In this whirlwind of change, we find our role.

(Outro)
So let’s ponder the equations, the theories, the fray,
In this spiral of change, let’s find a new way.
To slow down the momentum, without haste or fear,
For in this dance of chaos, our path becomes clear.

Chords: D C G D / C Em Am / D / D Db D / D Am / C Em Am / D / D C Am
Instrumentation: Vocals, Takamine Acoustic Guitar
Recorded at Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania

THE SCIENCE
ChatGBT co-authored the lyrics utilizing this part of a research paper:

I’ve been thinking about the giant global warming formula that has been formulating in my head for the last few decades.

Human induced climate change is an exponential component of an unordered system (chaos theory). Our climate model uses chaos theory in an attempt to adequately account for humans and forecasts a global average temperature increase of 9 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.

Though the equation is complex… too complicated to write down….
I’ve lately begun considering trying to write down a small part of it: Tipping points and feedback loops are parts of an equation that determine the rate of acceleration in climate change.

What do you think about this?
t = tipping point
f = feedback loop
(t ² * f ²) nth

or

the domino effect * the snowball effect:
(h cos α−(s+d)sin θi+1) * a(1 + r) x

Acceleration, tipping points etc. I know that no simple formula exists for any of these. The reason you can’t write a formula is because they are chaotic systems. Chaos theory is the study of unordered systems; however, trying to write it down helps me quantify what I see in my mind’s eye.

These formulas have similarities to acceleration formulas we imagined in 1995:

Abstract
Earth is in a space-time continuum similar to the vortex of a flushing toilet.

if acceleration = velocity/time
and v = speed of light = 2.9979*10^8 m/s
and for the sake of argument we are accelerating at pi (rounded to 15 decimal places) m/s^2
then time = 95426120.77903860 seconds (rounded to 16 significant digits)
= 1104.468990498130 days
= 3.025942439720910 years = roughly 3 years + 9.5 days as relative to the rotation and revolution of the planet earth.

Important note: this is motion at constant speed in a circle. So the speed of light isn’t changing but the direction of motion is, so there is acceleration (= change in velocity, not speed is the acceleration. Velocity has a direction as well as a magnitude, it is a vector, not a scalar like speed.)

a couple other fundamental physical constants to contemplate:
permitivity of free space = 8.854*10^(-12) C^2/(N*m)
permeability of free space = 4(pi)*10^(-7) Wb/(A*m)

SIDD: The tricky part is… you cannot maintain a constant acceleration like pi m/s^2 on a massive body.

In 2023 Sidd added:
On another note, regarding the permeability mu and permittivity epsilon
… those are deeply related to the speed of light thru maxwell’s equations
c=1/sqrt(mu*epsilon)

As for deep contemplation, let me see, in terms of formal schooling
I deeply contemplated those for two years in undergraduate
and about a year and a half in grad school … made my head very pointy.

Conclusion:

Human induced climate change is an exponential component of an unordered system (chaos theory). That means global warming is accelerating at a rapid rate in a complex way — a climate crisis.

Additional Notes

I ask Sidd:
… and what does the answer mean?
” 3.025942439720910 years = roughly 3 years + 9.5 days as relative to the rotation and revolution of the planet earth”

Is it the Earth’s rotation in the flow of the vortex?

Sidd replied:
The answer doesn’t mean very much… for example the speed we chose is c,
but nothing except light moves at speed c, and we know that neither earth nor
any material object can move or does move at speed c … so that answer
isn’t too useful

I think we just intended to show a calculation and people can plug in their own, hopefully more realistic numbers

Then, I recalled:
At the time we were working on a couple of concepts. One had to do with the momentum of humankind. The other had to do with the perception of time as environmental conditions deteriorate. (As 500 year floods become 100 year floods, then 100 year floods become 10 year floods, how will we perceive time? Will it be similar to a mass moving toward the center of a vortex?)

So yes… what you did was get me thinking about the rate of acceleration in global warming…
it’s kind-a like we are spiraling out-of-control faster and faster.. as if in a vortex… and…
how climate change is a vector (not a scalar like speed.)

… which got me thinking a lot more about the energy in the whole system moving around… not just as heat.

As an example, in the first 6 months of 2023 there were 15 confirmed weather/climate disaster events with losses exceeding $1 billion each to affect United States. These events included 1 flooding event, 13 severe storm events, and 1 winter storm event.

None of these events were directly related to heat. Almost all of the events were caused by violent weather. Momentum caused the most damage. (Also see: A Hard Rain Is Falling)

Which reminded me of what started us on this study… what we were working on at the time and still are…
*How to change the momentum of the human race and climate change without going any faster.*
…like a big ship heading for a waterfall…
and all the crew and engine working at full steam could not go any faster to reverse direction
So we created one of the first www games… this was/is the final anti-IQ pop quiz question:

“What are at least two (2) ways that you can increase your momentum, without increasing your speed?”
Hint: Momentum is equal to mass x velocity (p=mv).

Technically Speaking, It’s Not the Momentum That Kills You

It’s not the fall that kills you; it’s the sudden stop at the end.

Technically speaking it is the impact from the momentum that causes damage and deaths. Global warming causes an increase in mass and/or velocity (momentum) of things that are mass flow driven by heat, like wind and flood.

The burning of fossil fuels and other human released emissions have impacted momentum’s impact. A warmer atmosphere can hold more moisture. Warmer air allows for the creation of more massive raindrops. Warmer ocean temperatures create stronger hurricanes. Hail and tornadoes form in strong thunderstorm clouds with intense updrafts, high liquid-water content, and large water droplets.

Sidd added: It’s worse than that. Wind and water flow forces scale as the square of velocity, so as flow speeds increase (say due to more intense heating or heavier rain) the damage scales as the square of the velocity.

About “square of the velocity”, I asked Sidd: is this Bernoulli’s Equation?

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment

bookmark_borderI’m Alive

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LYRICS
I’m alive
In pursuit of thrive
So I strive
To help others revive
Drive
To stay alive
Where’s your drive
To stay alive?
Drive
To stay alive
And good fortune will arrive

I’m alive
In pursuit of thrive
So I strive
To help others revive
Drive
To stay alive
Where’s your drive
To stay alive?
Drive
To stay alive
Get ready. Get set. Dive!

I’m alive
In pursuit of thrive
So I strive
To help others revive
Drive
To stay alive
Where’s your drive
To stay alive?
Drive
To stay alive
All ready. We will survive!

Chords: E / A C E / E A / E A C B7 E; Part II @ 128 Beats Per Minute
Instrumentation: Vocals (TC-Helicon VOICELIVE and MiniNova Vocorder), Ibanez Acoustic Guitar (AW54CE), Ibanez Electric RG-270 (Vox ToneLab and Boss Digital Delay), Fender Jazz Bass (Boss Digital Delay), Keyboards (Korg PS60, Casio WK-3500, Yamaha PSR-740, MiniNova, MicroKorg)

bookmark_borderA Tale of Intensification

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LYRICS
In the East, where rivers flow in the sky,
Violent rains, historic floods pass by.
Canada’s hurricanes break records, so they say,
While Florida, Carolina, and South’s bill to pay.

(Chorus)
Atmospheric rivers, they twist and they bend,
From West to East, they shape our end,
Gaze as they dance, a meteorological blend,
Change our world, from beginning to end.

(Verse 2)
Traditionally, they whispered on the West’s breeze,
But now, the East feels their force with ease.
Meteorologists puzzled, but now they see the light,
As ARs carve their path, day and night.
(Chorus)
(Bridge)
NOAA nods, recognizing the trend,
PNA patterns, a message they send.
ARs in the East, not just a myth,
Their frequency rising, a climatic shift.

(Verse 3)
A tale of intensification, ARs amplify,
Affecting the northeast, where the sea meets the sky.
From Washington to Maine, the risks do grow,
As coastal lows brew, and nor’easters blow.
(Chorus)

(Outro)
Climate change, an urgent call,
ARs gaining strength, the sea levels tall.
We’re witnessing changes, too fast to comprehend,
As atmospheric rivers reshape, our world’s bend.

Chords: G# G F# / B D F# / F# B D / B E B / B F# D# F# B; Part II Rock Shuffle / Shuffle Rock @ 126 Beats Per Minute
Instrumentation: Vocals (TC-Helicon VOICELIVE and MiniNova Vocorder), Ibanez Acoustic Guitar (AW54CE), IKeyboards (Korg PS60, Casio WK-3500, Yamaha PSR-740, MiniNova, MicroKorg)

ABOUT THE SCIENCE & SONG
ChatGBT co-authored the lyrics using this section of our research paper:

The Eastern US is already seeing violent rain events as far inland as Kentucky with historic flooding in both 2022 and 2023. Eastern Canada has experienced its worst hurricanes on record. Florida, South Carolina, and North Carolina have suffered billions of dollars in storm damage. Homeowners insurance is becoming increasing difficult to obtain in Florida.

Traditionally, atmospheric rivers (AR) in the United States have been linked to the West Coast. However, there is now growing recognition of AR activity on the East Coast. “In reality, their frequency hasn’t necessarily increased. Meteorologists have been using the term for decades; it’s simply gained popularity in the media, much like the polar vortex,” explained Jeff Boyne, meteorologist and climatologist at the National Weather Service. Indeed, according to Jason Cordeira, associate professor of meteorology at Plymouth State University, “Atmospheric rivers are more common on the East Coast than on the West Coast, although they tend to be less impactful and produce lower rainfall amounts.”

In March 2024, NOAA and the National Weather Service finally recognized the heightened frequency of East Coast Atmospheric Rivers occurrences, attributing them primarily to the recent shifts in the Pacific/North America (PNA) teleconnection pattern. This shift is accompanied by a northward movement of the midlatitude jet stream. ARs in the Eastern US have received relatively little attention despite their frequent occurrence and significant impact on heavy precipitation and severe weather events. The authors conducted a comprehensive study on wintertime AR frequency over the Eastern US spanning four decades, utilizing multiple observations and a state-of-the-art high-resolution climate model (AM4) developed at GFDL. Their findings reveal a notable rise in AR frequency over the Eastern US during this timeframe. NOAA’s report reaffirmed these findings, emphasizing the confirmed linkages with the PNA pattern across diverse scenarios, highlighting the crucial role of the PNA pattern in influencing AR variability.

There is increasing research into the types and intensification of East Coast AR events. The US Fourth National Climate Assessment highlights a substantial increase in heavy precipitation events in the Northeast, particularly between 1958 and 2012, with ongoing projections indicating further rises in precipitation, notably during winter and spring and in northern areas of the region.

Many types of East Coast ARs are intensifying, likely as a result of climate change. A study titled “Identifying Eastern US Atmospheric River Types and Evaluating Historical Trends” notes, “The increased moisture transport could have significant implications across the northeast corridor from Washington D.C. to Coastal Maine, heightening the risk of extreme precipitation from landfalling ARs. The study reveals that most ARs in the region are induced by extratropical cyclones, with lee side low pressure systems and coastal lows along the Atlantic Coast (e.g., nor’easters) being responsible for generating the strongest ARs.”

Climate change is anticipated to bring complex and potentially substantial impacts to both the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and atmospheric rivers along the East Coast of the USA. The AMOC interacts with atmospheric circulation patterns, including the positioning of the jet stream. Changes in the AMOC can influence the behavior of the jet stream, which, in turn, affects the formation and path of atmospheric rivers. The jet stream plays a crucial role in steering weather systems and atmospheric rivers.

How Fast Are Atmospheric Rivers Gaining Frequency and Intensity?
While the rate of change in the intensity, duration, and likelihood of climate disasters varies depending on the type of extreme weather, insights from events like the Canada wildfires of 2023 offer valuable perspective. According to the World Weather Attribution Organization, “Climate change amplified the cumulative severity of Quebec’s 2023 fire season up to the end of July by approximately 50%, and seasons of this severity are now at least seven times more likely to occur.” Similar trends may be observed in other catastrophic events such as hurricanes, heatwaves, droughts, floods, tornadoes, sea level rise, and atmospheric rivers.

According to a NASA-led analysis, global average sea level rose by approximately 0.3 inches (0.76 centimeters) from 2022 to 2023. When our paper, “Climate Change: Rate of Acceleration,“ was authored in 2023, the swift acceleration of this trend was unforeseen. Initially projected to double over 100 years, the rate of sea level rise dramatically escalated, shortening the doubling period to just 10 years by 2020. Recent observations suggest a further compression of this doubling period to a mere 2 years, raising significant concerns. It is imperative to acknowledge and address this alarming trend, hoping it is not indicative of a new norm but rather an anomaly.

Some areas of the world are now warming so fast, it is becoming more difficult to measure the change from “normal” or average. Jeff Boyne of the NWS said, “There are climate normals that are updated every 10 to 15 years, because the planet is warming so fast. The ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) regions are warming so fast that those normals are being updated every 5 years.” “It’s so far outside anything we’ve seen, it’s almost mind-blowing,” says Walter Meier, who monitors sea-ice with the National Snow and Ice Data Center. “September was, in my professional opinion as a climate scientist, absolutely gobsmackingly bananas,” said Zeke Hausfather, at the Berkeley Earth climate data project.”

4D Music: Songs About Science

A song about The Human Induced Climate Change Experiment